How I.P. addresses are managed by servers ?

Question

As it is stated - " An I.P. address is the address of a computer on the internet - it specifies the location of a server that hosts a web site." But for all the sites there is unique IP address given by web hosting companies, so for every web site do they put a separate sever everytime ? This is not possible. How do they(servers) manage so many sites with different IP address, as a sever has a static unique IP address ?

Answer 1

Where a single server hosts many website, yes, it may indeed have multiple IPs to discriminate between them. A single machine can have as many IPs assigned to it as you'd like.



The other way that works for any browser that is not hopelessly out of date is to look at the HTTP request, which for HTTP 1.1 always includes the domain name of the website requested. In this way the web server is able to identify the web site needed and serve up the appropriate document.

Answer 2

IPAM in Windows Server 2012 is a new built-in framework for discovering, monitoring, auditing, and managing the IP address space used on a corporate network. IPAM provides for administration and monitoring of servers running Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and Domain Name Service (DNS). IPAM includes components for:



Automatic IP address infrastructure discovery: IPAM discovers domain controllers, DHCP servers, and DNS servers in the domains you choose. You can enable or disable management of these servers by IPAM.



Custom IP address space display, reporting, and management: The display of IP addresses is highly customizable and detailed tracking and utilization data is available. IPv4 and IPv6 address space is organized into IP address blocks, IP address ranges, and individual IP addresses. IP addresses are assigned built-in or user-defined fields that can be used to further organize IP address space into hierarchical, logical groups.



Audit of server configuration changes and tracking of IP address usage: Operational events are displayed for the IPAM server and managed DHCP servers. IPAM also enables IP address tracking using DHCP lease events and user logon events collected from Network Policy Server (NPS), domain controllers, and DHCP servers. Tracking is available by IP address, client ID, host name, or user name.



Monitoring and management of DHCP and DNS services: IPAM enables automated service availability monitoring for Microsoft DHCP and DNS servers across the forest. DNS zone health is displayed, and detailed DHCP server and scope management is available using the IPAM console.

Answer 3

To answer your question. This practice is referred to as load balancing and there's only one ip involved to the server the user sends the request to and it then forwards that requests to a group of backend servers to balance the load one server simply could not handle.



Also to clarify one thing in your question ip addresses are assigned by (IANA) or Internet Assigned Numbers Authority to ISPS not hosting providers just so you know.



A good example of this would be Google. Issue an nslookup command from your compand prompt for google.com and you'll see even they one of the worlds largest internet companies only has 6 ip addresses.

Answer 4

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W4rXY8jYJoQ

Once check this video in you tube,this is one of the example,and you can get how are I.P addresses are managed.

And also,

IPAM in Windows Server 2012 is a new built-in framework for discovering, monitoring, auditing, and managing the IP address space used on a corporate network. IPAM provides for administration and monitoring of servers running Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and Domain Name Service (DNS). IPAM includes components for:

Automatic IP address infrastructure discovery: IPAM discovers domain controllers, DHCP servers, and DNS servers in the domains you choose. You can enable or disable management of these servers by IPAM.

Custom IP address space display, reporting, and management: The display of IP addresses is highly customizable and detailed tracking and utilization data is available. IPv4 and IPv6 address space is organized into IP address blocks, IP address ranges, and individual IP addresses. IP addresses are assigned built-in or user-defined fields that can be used to further organize IP address space into hierarchical, logical groups.

Audit of server configuration changes and tracking of IP address usage: Operational events are displayed for the IPAM server and managed DHCP servers. IPAM also enables IP address tracking using DHCP lease events and user logon events collected from Network Policy Server (NPS), domain controllers, and DHCP servers. Tracking is available by IP address, client ID, host name, or user name.

Monitoring and management of DHCP and DNS services: IPAM enables automated service availability monitoring for Microsoft DHCP and DNS servers across the forest. DNS zone health is displayed, and detailed DHCP server and scope management is available using the IPAM console.

IPAM architecture

An IPAM server is a domain member computer.

Important

You cannot install the IPAM feature on an Active Directory domain controller.

There are two general methods to deploy IPAM servers:

Distributed: An IPAM server deployed at every site in an enterprise.

Centralized: One IPAM server in an enterprise.

The following example displays the distributed IPAM deployment method, with one IPAM server located at the corporate headquarters and also at each branch office. There is no communication or database sharing between different IPAM servers in the enterprise. If multiple IPAM servers are deployed, you can customize the scope of discovery for each IPAM server, or filter the list of managed servers. A single IPAM server might manage a specific domain or location, perhaps with a second IPAM server configured as a backup.

IPAM will periodically attempt to locate domain controllers, DNS, and DHCP servers on the network that are within the scope of discovery that you specify. You must choose whether these servers are managed by IPAM or unmanaged. In this way, you can select different groups of servers that are managed or not managed by IPAM.

To be managed by IPAM, security settings and firewall ports on a server must be configured to allow the IPAM server access so that it can perform required monitoring and configuration functions. You can configure these settings manually, or automatically using Group Policy Objects (GPOs). If you choose the automatic method, settings are applied when a server is marked as managed and settings are removed when it is marked as unmanaged.