IP Why is it always 192.168.*.*???? Reason?

Question

Q1. In router configuration pages, and server consoles the default ips are always 192.168.something.something Is this like a standard? why do they use those numbers.

I have been involved with networking for quite a while but never even thought about it, i know you can change it to anythin really as long as it's 244.244.244.244 or under, now this is all on a lan.

Q2. How are public IPs assigned, are they completely random or is there some algorithm to the numbers. I know you have one that is availible but I noticed that people in my area have very similar ips, ex. if my ip was 85.49.8.64 my neighbors would be 85.49.26.107. and hes had service way longer than I have. Anything to do with location?

AND THIS IS ALL IPv4

Answer 1

Public IP addresses are allocated (by an organisation called RIPE) to ISPs in blocks, so if you have neighbours using the same ISP it's possible that they'll have IP addresses close to yours.



The use of 192.168 addresses is there to provide a range of non-public (NAT - Network address translation) IPs that can be used repeatedly on many different LANs, a LAN with internet access will have 1 or more public IPs, then you use NAT to create an internal network. access to the internal addresses is handled by the router. when you access the internet, the webserver (or whatever you're accessing) sees the request coming from the public IP address of your router, when traffic is returned, the router knows which PC on the LAN sent the request, so forwards the data to it. a NAT IP is inaccessible from the outside world unless the router is configured to forward the incoming traffic to an internal address on the network



There are 3 reserved ranges of IPs for use on private networks, the one you choose usually depends on the size of the network as each range has a different amount of available IP addresses:



10.0.0.0 --> 10.255.255.255

172.16.0.0 -> 172.31.255.255

192.168.0.0 -> 192.168.255.255



Routers Are generally preconfigured to use 192.168. range as it's the smallest range & it's highly unlikely that a home user would ever need more than is provided by that range.



There's much more to it, but that's about as basic as I can make it

Answer 2

It's to do with class system. 192.168. denotes private addresses.. Once your data is sent via your router to the WAN the IP address is translated into it's real world IP address. Information coming in is filtered to the correct node on the private network. Private IP addresses serve the same function as Netbios names in windows networking but they have the improved routability function. By using a router in this fashion you only need 1 real world IP address for an entire network instead of a real world IP adress for each machine. 192.168.1/2/0 etc are the designated Class C Private addresses



85.49.8.64 are real world Class B IP addresses that are assigned by your ISP from a pool of addresses they own. These are usually rotated every few months unless you have paid for a static IP address.



There are loose trends to location but it's not designed systematically in that fashion it is more to do with router locations. As ISP buy pools of IP addresses they tend to have some chronological relationship. Some ISP's sub net these IP addresses further and share the connections this is very common with cable.

Answer 3

>I have been involved with networking for quite a while but never even thought about it, i know you can change it to anythin really as long as it's 244.244.244.244 or under, now this is all on a lan.



How long did you say you've been involved in networking? You're totally wrong. If you allocate your own IP addresses rather than get them from RIPE or a similar organization your networks won't work properly with other networks if you just assign random IP addresses.



Read RFC1918

Answer 4

Internic is what handles IP ranges throughout the world. Different service providers purchase the use of different IP ranges. Public IP addresses are handed out by them to private parties such as yourself. If you have a router / firewall that handle your internet connectivity such as some DSL modems, or wireless routers then they take that IP address and hand out private IP addresses to computers on your network. Private IP addresses can start with 192.168.x.x or 10.0.x.x. You can always find out your public IP address by going to www.whatismyip.com . Also on a internet provider your IP address can change at almost any given time if its not static.

Answer 5

A1: Windows use 192.168.0.1 for internet connection sharing. If you share a connection on a network, windows will assign those IP parameters to the LAN network adapter.



Other windows OS computers on the network will recognize that IP as a internet connection host. That is why routers have that ip adress, so computers know that the internet connection is there.



A2: I suppose that it depends on the ISP, region and configuration of the NAT router. But not completely sure about it.

Answer 6

I believe a 192 implies you have a router and more than one computer in the home hooked up.



Some internet providers have static (unchanging) numbers but it makes it easier for hackers to get in.



Most offer changing numbers, a new one every time you log on to your computer.



Yes location is involved for sure. It's a bit like a phone number.

Answer 7

All these depend on which server facility your are taking.