Some (not many, but a few) ISPs block incoming port 80, to prevent home servers...
You can test this theory by changing your web server to a different port, like 8080, and forward that instead. If outside users can connect, then the ISP is the problem.
Otherwise, if the port forwarding is done correct in all routers, and your Ubuntu server is at a static LAN IP address that is NOT in the DHCP pool range, then it should work. Ubuntu server, by default, would not block any incoming port 80 (since it is a server...). There should be no "firewall" unless you specifically installed one under Ubuntu Server.
Since you got Minecraft working, it probably is not you, but rather something else in the network (ISP...). Another possibility is that the ISP's modem/router is using port 80 for admin work by the ISP (so they can get to the modem for admin work). In that case, you need to change the port or turn off remote admin in those devices.