To advance further on the previous answer, there is a difference between a static IP and a DHCP (dynamic) address and a DHCP Reservation.
As aptly described by 'I Like Stories', a static IP address is one which has been manually configured on the client device.
No two devices on the network may have the same IP address otherwise it would be ambiguous as to what device another is communicating with and may send data elsewhere and is thus not permitted. DHCP was developed to make management simple.
A DHCP server will lease out IP address to client devices that request an IP address. To avoid IP addresses conflicting with one another the DHCP server holds a table of all the IP addresses it has leased.
It is posible to create a DHCP reservation to reserve a particular IP address. The effect thereof is that the DHCP will not issue that IP address except to the device specified (by MAC address). DHCP reservations will show up on the DHCP table as the DHCP server is reserving a leased address.
The reason why a static IP typically does not appear on the DHCP table is that the DHCP server is not usually aware of a static device (since it is manually configured client side) except to the extent that it may not lease that address, for a conflict would occur and thus it takes note of the bad address.