Trewfyre,
The switch is likely causing the restrictions on traffic associated with the port numbers that this traffic uses, or a general rule that prevents this type of traffic. One way or the other there are two ways into a Cisco switch:
1. Physically through the console port of the switch- to use this port you must have a rollover cable, that conects using a DB9-RJ45 converter to the serial port on your laptop/PC. Then use a terminal service, such as hyper terminal to access the IOS (Operating System) built into the switch. This would require physical access to the switch.
2. Through Telnet- this would require you to have the name of the switch in order to specify what you are telnetting to. By default the hostname will be Switch, however, it has likely been changed.
You would need knowledge of the hierachical based IOS that is built into this switch in order to manipulate it. In addition, it is very easy to set passwords on Telnet and Console on this switch, in addition to placing a password on elevated privileges.
You also do not know the topology of the network. There could just as easily be a hardware based firewall behind the switch, further preventing access. The Cisco switch will be command-line, and not as simple as checking a check box, information on Cisco IOS can be found here http://www.pantz.org/software/ios/ioscommands.html.
You should know that hacking a piece of hardware that does not belong to you is considered illegal.